Graph Writing # 36 - Hawaiian island chain in the centre of the Pacific Ocean
- Details
- Written by IELTS Mentor
IELTS Academic Writing Task 1/ Graph Writing - Map:
» You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The diagram below gives the information about the Hawaiian island chain in the centre of the Pacific Ocean.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown.
» Write at least 150 words.
Sample Answer 1:
The given illustration presents information on the Hawaiian Island Chain centre of the Pacific Ocean. As is observed from the diagram, the Hawaiian island chain directly affects the Pacific tectonic plate and because of it, this plate shifts around 7-9 centimetre per year.
As is observed from the graph, below the Pacific Ocean, the Hawaiian island chain stands as several volcanos which are almost 80 million years old. These volcanos stand over the Pacific plate and the eruptions of these volcanos’ created a new volcano just over the Magna spume. The Pacific plate is situated on solid dense rock and because of the new volcano development; the hot spot spume remained static. The eruption process of the volcano’s starts from as deep as 2800 km and that has spat the solid rock layer.
Major islands within 100 km of this area are Maui, Molokai, Oahu and Kauai and because of the eruption and sliding of the plates, the centre of the Pacific Ocean is ever changing.
Model Answer 2:
The map portrays the Hawaiian island chain, which is located in the heart of the Pacific Ocean and roughly 2,700 kilometres in length. As is presented, it is formed of volcanoes and the active ones are at the south-east tip of the archipelago, where Hawaii itself is situated. It also shows the how the volcano eruption occurs.
It is pointed out that the chain began to form almost 80 million years ago on solid dense rock bed and each island started to evolve after an eruption on the seafloor. First, a `hot spot' existed on the ocean bed, which let out a plume of the material called 'magma'. Further, hot spot remained stable. Hence, magma spume was formed. This magma may originate as deep as 2,883 km below the ocean bed. Next, further eruptions took place, which built up the volcano. Eventually, it emerged above the surface of the ocean.
Afterward, the spume of magma has remained immobile as the Pacific tectonic plate moves in a north-west direction across it at an annual speed of 7-9 centimetre. As it moves, a volcano forms as it passes over the hotspot and then become inactive when it has passed it. The other major islands in the Pacific ocean are Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui, Lanai and Kahoolawe which are 0-100 kilometres away from each other.
The diagram demonstrates the Hawaiian Island Chain which is in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
Turning to this chart, it can be seen clearly the Major Islands compound of nine Islands. One of these is Hawaiian Island and the others are Niihau, Kawai, and so on.
The Hawaiian ıslands chain are a volcanic island assembly of which the lowest layer is associated with magma and volcanic eruptions. The eruption process starts there originating at 2883 km. Then magma spume and hot spume come from there. Just over this layer takes place solid dense rocks. Over this layer, the pacific plate is located which made up a lot of the youngest eruptions that lead to a volcano. In fact, the Pacific Plate is a tectonic layer and each year scroll this sheet to the west as 7-9 cm. The sheet which is at the top is the surface of the Pacific Ocean. On this sheet had emerged the oldest volcano 80 million years ago.
To put it briefly, this region is where The Major Islands and Hawaiian Islands chain are located in the centre of the Pacific Ocean which consists of tectonic layers, magma, and eruptions.
Overall, it is noticeable that the Hawaiian Island Chain is formed because of the movement of the Pacific plate.
We can see on the diagram that the Hawaiian Island Chain is comprised of several volcanoes which are almost 80 years old. These volcanoes are situated beneath the Pacific Ocean and above the oceanic tectonic plate. The Pacific plate lies over solid dense rock, wherein the eruption begins. The eruption is started in 2888 kilometers of solid dense rock. Then, in the center, the hot spot spume remained static. While itself is fixed, the Pacific tectonic plate is shifted at around 7-9 centimeters per year and the magma spume rises upward until it erupts on the seafloor.
Eventually, the youngest volcano is built up because of various eruptions that occurred and as the Pacific plate moved over the hot spot, the string connecting the islands is formed and made the Hawaiian Island Chain. The eight major islands that are situated on the northwest of Pacific Island are Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Kahoolawe, Maui, and Hawaii which have a distance of 0-100 kilometers apart from each other.
Overall, Hawaiian island is the result of volcano eruptions and underground plate movements. It seems a complicated and continuous process.
Hawaiian island consists of many small islands - like: Hawaii, Maui, Lanai, Oahu, Kauai, Molokai etc. This mountain chain is located on the Pacific tectonic plates in the Pacific Ocean. These plates are observed to be shifting towards the east, 7-9 centimetres per year. Furthermore, this chain of mountains is basically a product of volcano eruptions. Among them, the oldest volcano dates back to 80 million years. In comparison, eruptions of these volcanos created a new volcano just over the Magna spume and its process starts 2883 kilometres down the earth surface.
Report