Graph Writing # 1 - Male and female workers in several employment sectors Freedonia
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IELTS Academic Writing Task 1/ Graph Writing - Line Graph:
» You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The graphs below show the numbers of male and female workers in 1975 and 1995 in several employment sectors of the Republic of Freedonia.
Write a report for a university teacher describing the information shown.
» You should write at least 150 words.
Sample Answer 1:
The diagrams compare the male and female employment status in six different job sectors in two different years – 1975 and 1995. As is seen from the given illustration, men were well ahead of women in all the job sectors in Freedonia in 1975. However, the scenario changed in 1995 and women employment scenario showed a remarkable progress.
According to the charts, men in Freedonia were visibly ahead of females in manufacturing, finance/banking, wholesale & retail trade, defence and non-defence sectors. In manufacturing, more than 600 male employees could be seen against only 300 female employees out of a thousand employees. Except in the communication sector, the proportion of male employees was far greater than that of females. Among the given job sectors, the public /non-defence sector had the highest number of employees while the defence sector had the least ratio of employees.
After 20 years, women showed an outstanding advancement in these job sectors and they went well ahead of men in communication, wholesale & retail trade sectors. They become almost equal in number in finance and banking jobs while the gap between male and female employees’ number reduced in defence jobs. The only sector still dominated by the male was manufacturing and the job ratio in this sector remained almost the same as it was 20 years earlier.
Sample Answer 2:
The line graphs show the information about employment scenario in Fredonia by gender in six different employment sectors during 1975 and 1995. It is very clear from the overall trend that men were pretty much dominating the job markets both during 1975 and 1995, but women made progress in the given 20 years period.
According to the first graph that depicts the employment status in 1975, there were far more male employees in all the employment sectors than its opposite sex. Nearly half of the employees in the manufacturing industry were men. Most strikingly, 75% of financial sector employees were male. However, women appeared to be competing for shoulder to shoulder against their male counterpart in the communication sectors.
Turning to the 1995 data, females had made a significant improvement in securing jobs in different employment sectors. On top of that, women outmatched the male counterpart in securing jobs in communication and wholesale & retail trade industry. Furthermore, nearly half of the communication sector employees were women. In finance sector as well, women were not very far behind.
Comparing the two graphs, it seems very clear that in between those twenty years the number of male employees in these sectors had remained considerably the same, but there was a considerable increase of female employees in the majority of these job sectors.
[Written by - Dorji]
Sample Answer 3:
The line graphs provide data on the workforce in six different professions in the Republic of Freedonia in 1975 and 1995. As is observed, the graphs illustrate the progress of empowering women in the work market over the twenty years, even the number of females exceeded the number of males in some work fields.
In 1975, the number of employed men was considerably higher compared to the number of women in all sectors, in particular, manufacturing, finance and banking and public sector (defence). By 1995 there was a significant increase in the number of working females in communication, finance and marketing and wholesale and retail trade, where the number of employed women in these sectors was around 250, 120 and 550 out of a thousand respectively and it rose by approximately 300 out of thousand in each sector. Taking into consideration the number of women surpassed the number of men in communication and wholesale and retail sectors, it is evident that women empowerment in employment sectors in Freedonia had significantly progressed in the given period.
Sample Answer 4:
The line graphs illustrate the number of male and female workers in various employment sectors of the Republic of Fredonia in the year 1975 and 1995. The first point to note is that the highest number of male and female workers were occupied in the public sector and wholesale and retail trade sector in both years.
Public sector occupied the same number of employees in both two years that is 840 males and 640 females in a thousand employee. Wholesale and retail trade sector stands close behind with 650 male and 460 female employees in the year 1975, while a slight reverse order in the year 1995 with 800 females and 650 males per thousand. Manufacturing section consumes almost an equal number of employees in both years with 600 males and half of its females. Interestingly, almost an equal number of employees in communication sector in the year 1975 with 24% and 25% females and males respectively, changed to its double in female workers and with the same number of male workers in the year 1995. This same trend was shown in finance and banking sector. However, defence public sector occupied the lowest number with 10 female and 210 male workers out of a thousand workers in the year 1975 and 100 females and its double male workers in the year 1995.
In conclusion, it is clear from the graphs that, there are fluctuations in the number in both years. But male employees are more compared to females in almost all the sectors in the given years.
(Written by - Jayesh Joseph )
Model Answer 5:
The provided illustrations compare the male and female workers in different employment sectors in Freedonia over 20 years of time by providing data for the years 1975 and 1995. As is observed from the given line graphs, women were far behind in employment in Freedonia in 1975 but within 20 years they made remarkable progress almost in all sectors and went well ahead of men in communications and wholesale & retail trade sectors.
The graphs compare the number of male and female workers in 6 different sectors of Freedonia per thousand. In 1975, more men than women were employed in almost all the mentioned sectors of job categories. For instance, approximately 650 men were employed in manufacturing-related jobs compared to only 300 women per thousand of total employees in the same sectors. In almost all other cases, the numbers of male employees were much higher than the women and in communication sectors men were a bit ahead than female in their employment ration. After 20 years, in 1995, women made outstanding progress in Freedonian job sectors. For instance, in communication sectors, almost 600 female were employed compared to 300 male workers per thousand. Women went ahead of men in wholesale & retail trade sectors too. Except for the public sectors (non-defence) women hold the trends of progress compared to men in all other sectors. In 1975 only about 40 women worked in defence sectors and this number grew to more than 100 per thousand after 20 years.
In summary, women did remarkable progress in Freedonian job fields over 20 years and they went ahead of men in many job sectors.
Sample Answer 6:
The provided line graphs compare the employment history of men and women in 1975 and 1995 dividing in six major sectors namely: manufacturing, communications, finance/ banking, wholesale & retail trade, non-defence public sectors and defence public sectors. As is observed from the given illustration, significant changes have been made in women's employment and women appear to have made remarkable improvements in almost the entire job sectors in Freedonia and in some sectors women went well ahead of men.
Initially, in 1975, men were notably ahead of women in every sector of employment. For example, in the communication sector, about 260 men worked against 220 women in every thousand employees. Twenty years later, though the number of men remained unchanged, the number of women rose to over 550 in one thousand. A similar trend can be seen in the wholesale and retail trade sector, where the number of women rose from about 550 to almost 800 in every 1000 employees of this sector two decades later. The number of men in this sector remained stable over the period, at around 700 / thousand.
Women also made their prominence in both the finance/ banking industries and in the defence-related public sector during this period. Where 125 women among one thousand employees worked in finance & banking institutions in 1975, this number increased to 450 by 1995. The number of men grew only marginally from 425 to 480 over the same period. In the defence sector, the number of men declined from 225 to 200 per thousand, while the number of women rose from 25 to over 100 per thousand. Two sectors that remained almost stable in terms of men and women employee ration are manufacturing and public sector. In manufacturing, about 300 women and 650 men worked in both surveyed years, and in public sector (non-defence), which employed 650 women and 850 men.
In summary, we can say that women appear to have made gains in the workforce in Freedonia and in some sectors they went well ahead compared to men.
Tips for Answering this Academic Writing Task 1 Question:
1. Two line graphs are provided in this writing task 1, so start the introduction part as follows:
The given line graphs provide data on.....
Do not use, 'the give line graph shows...' as there are more than one graphs present in this question.
2. The two line graphs compare the number of male and female employees in 6 employment sectors in Freedonia. The first graph shows the data for the year 1975 while the second graph shows data for the year 1995.
3. The first graph shows that the male employees were well ahead in all the job sectors in Freedonia. But after 20 years that scenario changed and women did a remarkable progress in the job sectors.
4. Initially, in 1975, men were higher in number in terms of their involvement in different work sectors. Only in Finance and Banking sector, females were close to males.
5. After 20 years in 1995, the number of women employees crossed the number of men employees in communications & wholesale & retail trade sectors.
6. In the communication sector, the number of women employees reached to 550 per thousand while this number was only 210 per thousand in 1975.
7. Do not only give the numbers of male and female employees in 6 job sectors of Freedonia in 1975 and 1995. Rather make a comparison of the male and female employee numbers and show some of the comparisons for women about how many of them were employed in 1975 and how these numbers have increased in 1995. Keep in mind that the writing expects you to be able to compare the women's improvement and increasing involvement in job sectors of Freedonia.
Summary of the graphs:
In Freedonia, women's involvement in major job sectors has increased remarkably in 20 years. Initially, in 1975, they were less in number than the male employees in all the 6 major job sectors. But within 20 years, they did significant progress and have crossed the number of male employees in some sectors.
Sample Answer 7:
The provided line graphs compare the number of male and female workers in 6 broad job sectors of Freedonia. As is presented in the two line graphs, women have made a significant improvement in Freedonian job sectors over the 20 years.
Initially, in 1975, men were ahead in all job sectors than women. In manufacturing job fields, around 220 women were employed while the number of male employees was well over 600 per thousand. Men were ahead of women in terms of their involvement in jobs in all of the mentioned 6 broad sectors. In Finance/ Banking, wholesale & retail trade, non-defense public sector, women were far more behind than their male counterpart. Only in communications sector women were close to men. Among 1000 employees in defence public sector women were less than 50 where men were around 250. The first graph thus depicts the men and women workforce in Freedonia in 1975.
But after 20 years in 1995, the scenario had changed significantly. Women crossed men in terms of their job involvement in communication and wholesale & retail trade. In defence, the number of women workers doubled that the number of 1975, whereas the number of men had decreased to 200. In non-defence sector, the differences had not changed that much but in communications and Finance/ Banking sector women have done significant improvement compared to their number 20 years back.
In summary, women in Freedonia had done a remarkable progress in job sectors and in some cases had superseded their male counterparts.
Sample Answer 8:
The line graphs illustrate the number of male and female workers in various sectors in Freedonia in 1975 and 1995. It is evident that manufacturing, trade and non-defence public sector employed most number of people.
From the graph, it is clear that in 1975, male workers were involved in much greater numbers than females especially in manufacturing where about 700 men per thousand were involved which was more than twice the number of females. Similarly, men were employed over five times the number of females in banking. In all the other sectors men were considerably ahead in terms of employment in 1975.
Then in 1995 female employment rocketed in communications, becoming almost double of that for males (300). It surpassed the male employment in retail trade as well (800 women per thousand employees). Except in manufacturing where the situation remained the same as 1975, women employment increased significantly in all the other sectors.
Thus it is clear that male employment was much higher in 1975 compared to women but women employment have rocketed through the 20 years and has surpassed the male employment in some sectors.
(By - Siddhartha Dey)
Model Answer 9:
The graphs give us a brief idea about the various changes that have taken place in 6 different employment sectors in Freedonia based on the population of both male and female sexes from 1975 to 1995. Though there isn't a major increase in the overall number of employees, some of the individual sectors showed a notable increase in its work population.
The defence sector had the least number of men and women and even though there was a slight variation in the number of women the number of men in this sector remained the same in both the years. Manufacturing at 600 above men, 250 women and public sector apart from the defence at 800 above men and 600 above women in a thousand workers had no significant changes in both the years whatsoever. Most changes had been in the communication, finance and wholesale sectors with a large increase in the number of people from 1975 to 1995 speak out in the volume of the interest of the general public towards these sectors. Communication and wholesale sector had seen a huge hike in the number of women even overtaking men in the process.
On these grounds, I conclude by saying the prominence of women in employment sectors in Freedonia is evident when we compare the graph of 1995 and 1975.
(Approximately 172 words | by Abhijith )
Model Answer 10:
The line graphs compare the number of male and female employees in every thousand in six sectors in Freedonia in 1975 and 1995. At a glance at the graph, it is clear that women advanced well in 20 years in Freedonia in terms of their involvements in different jobs.
As can be seen from the graphs, among all the sectors, non-defence public sector was the most popular working field for both the genders in 1975, in which, the number of males and females was around 900,000 and 700,000 respectively. Interestingly, the figures for both the genders in this sector remained the same even in1995, followed by wholesale and retail sector, where the rate of women employees was 570,000 in1975 which rose to 800,000 after 2 decades whereas the figures for their counterparts worked in the same sector stayed at a constant figure of 800,000 throughout the period.
Likewise, in the field of manufacturing, the number of males and females had no change after 20 years from 700,000 and 300,000 respectively. Noticeably, the number of men occupied in the field of communication and banking /finance remained steady during the time period at 300,000 and just over 400,000 correspondingly; whilst the figures for female employees in communication sector underwent a threefold increase from about 300,000 by 1995. Similarly, in the banking sector, women had a fourfold rise to almost 450,000. It can be seen that only 25,000 women worked in the defence/ public sector in1975, while the figures for men was more than 225,000. However, the rate of the former rose by 4 times and reached 100,000 after 20 years whereas the figures for the latter had a fall to 200,000.
(Written by Sriya Bimal )
Model Answer 11:
The given bar charts illustrate the employment status of Freedonian women and men in different sectors in 1975 and two decades later in 1995. The x-axis presents the number of working people in thousands while the y-axis presents six sectors of employment.
The public sector is the greatest employment opportunity provider in both the fiscal years, providing job to almost 850,000 people with little change in the composition of male and female workers, where, more than 75% of women constituted its workforce. Jobs in manufacturing and finance/banking sector are fairly steady at around 600,000 and 450,000 respectively during both the years.
However, the composition of the workforce in finance/banking sector changed with almost all the women employees displaced more than half of the men workforce during 1995. Wholesale and retail trade industry's workforce grew slightly in 1995 but the composition of workforce reversed during the later year with men displacing more than two-thirds of women workforce. Communication sector employed twice the number of employees in the later year however it had hired a lot of men employees, levelling the male-female ratio of workers in its industry. Defense, however, had contracted its opportunities but it had increased the number of women workforce by more than half of its workforce which was quite negligible in 1975.
(Written by Rajan )
Model Answer 12:
The line graphs show a comparison between the numbers of male and female employees in six different work fields in Freedonia. The comparison covers a span of 20 years from 1975 to 1995. Overall, a male superiority in specific professional fields like manufacturing and non-defence public sectors was obvious while professional women progressed remarkably during the period.
The manufacturing sector in Freedonia had a male workforce that was almost twice than its female counterpart, 650,000 and 300,000 respectively and those numbers remained the same in 1975 and 1995. Non-defence public sectors had a tight margin of 200,000 employees in favour of male workforce. However, other sectors like communications and wholesale & retail trade witnessed a female domination during the 20-year span; communications showed static male employees as the number of male employees remained the same (300,000) while the female employee in the same field remarkably grew, from almost 250,000 employees in 1975 to about 550,000 in 1995.
Moreover, females took over wholesale & retail trade positions with a number that jumped dramatically from 550,000 to 800,000 in comparison to its male counterpart. The remaining two fields, finance/banking and the defence public sectors, witnessed a male supremacy; yet females' number in finance/banking grew rapidly from around 100,000 in 1975 to almost 450,000 in 1995, decreasing the gap significantly between males and females. Besides, a slight increase in female employees was spotted in defence-public sectors in 1995; however, males still had the upper hand in that sector.
[Written by - Paolo Maldini]
Overall, the male employees were well ahead of the women employees in terms of their number in all sectors in 1975. However, the scenario changed in 1995, and the women led in some sectors.
As is presented in the illustration, men were leading in all sectors in 1995. The numbers of men employees were well over double than that of women in three sectors such as manufacturing, finance, and defense. In the communication sector, the men were almost 300 and women were about 250. These are not different but in wholesale and retail trade and non-defense sectors, their results were almost 200 different.
However, women’s employment showed remarkable progress in some sectors after 20 years. The number of women employees were around 600 while the men were over 300 in communications and then women were ahead almost 100 than men in wholesale and retail trade. Moreover, female employment increased significantly in all sectors in 1995.
At first glance, there were more male workers than females in general in those sectors, however, dramatic improvements have taken place for women's work scenario after 20 years.
With regards to the manufacturing and non-defense public sector, the number of both men and women workers remained relatively the same. Whereas in 2 fields - namely communication and wholesale,
the number of women workers went above the number of men. In finance, the number of female workers had increased twofold from the year 1975 to 1995, whilst only a small change appears in men's job scenario. Out of the six sectors defense category had the least number of employees, the women in this sector increased from nearly 20,000 in 1975 to 100,000 in 1995. In contrast, there was a slight decrease in the number of men employees in this sector.
In the year 1975, 650 thousand manufacturing workers were men, almost treble than the number of women workers. The same scenario can be seen regarding the financial sector, while the smallest difference was in the communications sector as males outnumbered females by 50000. The figures of defence public sector employees quadrupled those of non-defence.
After two decades, distributions of workers in manufacturing and non-defence public sector remained similar, while the number of female employees in communication increased more than two-fold to become 550000. Female staffs in the finance/ banking sector also soared to around 450000 but were still nearly twenty thousand fewer than male counterparts. As for the defence sector, the number of women rose to just over 100000 while it stood at exactly 200 thousand men.
In 1975, in all six sectors, the number of women was fewer than that of men compared to the year 1995, in which the number of women went above the number of men in two sectors (communications and wholesale & retail trade). In the communication sector, the number of women almost tripled in 20 years. The other upsurge of the number of female workers was seen in the wholesale and retail trade, where the number climbed from around 500 to 800. We see the acclivity in the number of women employees in finance/banking and defence (public) sectors. The number of women almost tripled in the finance and defence sectors over 2 decades.
The number of men in all sectors remained almost the same except in the defence sector where their number marginally increased just above 200. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the number of men remained greater than that of women in the majority of sectors except two of them namely communications and wholesale&retail trade.
Overall, the male workers exceed females with the exception of 'communication' and 'wholesale and retail trade'. Moreover, women progressed much in terms of female employee number in these job sectors.
In 1975, the number of male workers was remarkably higher than female workers in all six sectors. Particular in manufacturing, more than 600 male employees were employed per thousand, which was double than the number of female workers. In 1995, female employees showed progress in all sectors. For instance, female workers went ahead in communications with more than 500 employees per thousand versus 300 male employees. For wholesale and retail trade, the female rose approximately 800 employees per thousand contra 700 employees out of thousand. Finally, the numbers of male and female workers in other sectors remained somewhat stable with a slight change in the public sector (defence), that recorded for male and female respectively (exactly 200 male employees, 100 female employees ) per thousand.
It is evident from the overall scenario that males were dominating the job markets in 1975, but in two decades, females did remarkable progress.
Turning to details on the first graph, it elucidates that the employment status in 1975, male employees make up the most of the job sectors than the opposite sex. Almost 700 employees out of 1000 in the manufacturing sector were males. Another striking information is three-quarters of finance sector employees were male too. On the other hand, females appeared to be competing for the shoulder to shoulder against their male counterparts in the communication sector.
Coming back to the data in 1995, females surpassed the male counterpart by dominating the communication and wholesale & retail sectors accounting for 550 and 800 employees respectively. Besides that, precisely 500 employees in the finance sector were males and just over 450 are females. This shows that females were not very far behind.
On the whole, it seems evident that over 20 years, the ratio of male employees remained markedly the same but there was an increase in the percentages of female employees.
Overall, in both years, women of Freedonia worked in the Public sector (non-defence) the most but were lagging behind in other sectors when compared to men's employment status.
The finance and banking sector had a great number of male employees in 1975, and it dropped remarkably in 1995. Conversely, in 1975, only 25 male employees worked in the Communications sector. Also, a mere number of 135 male employees were seen working in the Wholesale and Retail Trade, but these sectors in 1995, saw a lot more men than women employees. In the later year, 250 male employees started taking up jobs in the Communications sector and a significant amount of male employees (around 700) worked in the latter sector. Almost 550 female workers worked in the Wholesale and Retail trade sector during the year 1975 but these numbers dropped dramatically in 1995 to only 100.
Moreover, a fairly equal amount of male and female employees worked in the Manufacturing sector (300 women and 350 men) in 1975 and these numbers remained unchanged in 1995. In the public sector (defence), only a small number of women (around 25 female employees) used to work during the early year but more women started working for the public sector (defence) in 1995. Conversely, approximately 175 male employees used to work for the public sector (defence) in 1975 but dropped to only 100 in the later year.
It seems that women were better positioned in communication and retail trade. Their numbers exceeded men's ones in these two sectors. Moreover, their numbers also exceeded obviously in Finance/banking and defence public sectors.
On the other hand, some sectors still maintain their ratio between numbers of employed men and women. It is clear that men were still better at manufacturing and non-defence public sectors. So, we can conclude from this study that women were doing great in tasks that they involve in. And as far as I am concerned, this improves the competition between both genders at work, hence increasing the quality of jobs.
To start with, in manufacturing there were around 700 men to a total of 300 women and for finance/banking, these numbers were 450 and 150 respectively. The maximum number per thousand employees was in the public sector (900) with the least number in defence (only 200). The same was true for women as well.
In the year 1995, statistics changed drastically and women exceeded men in the field of communication and wholesale & retail trade. They were the maximum in the wholesale sector and continued to be least in the defence sector. Overall there is no major change for male workers in any sector except in defence where a minute decline in numbers can be seen. There still is a huge gap in male and female workers in the manufacturing sector but in the case of finance, the gap narrowed down to almost nill.
The graph emulates the group of female and male workers in six different areas of the Republic of Freedonia in the years 1975 and 1995. There are several noticeable differences. Firstly, about similarities - the manufacturing and public sectors (non-defence) both had a similar number of male and female workers in both years, whereas, in the public sector (defense) had fewer female employees in 1995 which increased by 50% - from 50 to 100 workers in 1995. In addition to this, when we talk about other sectors of employment, there was a spectacular number of female employees who had joined the finance/banking sector in 1995 compared to 1975 which is almost 500% higher. The communication and wholesale and retail department showed a noticeable change in the number of female workers from 250 to 600 and from about 500 to 800 respectively. But in the same way, there was no change in the male number of employees in 1995 from 1975 in this specific sector.
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